Joint Conference of the International Luxembourg Forum and the Nuclear Threat Initiative "Preventing the Crisis of Nuclear Arms Control and Catastrophic Terrorism".
Washington, -
- Agenda
- List of participants
- Press-release
- Final declaration
- Agenda
- List of participants
- Press-release
- Final declaration
December 1 (Tuesday)
10:00 – 10:30 – Opening of the Conference (“Senate room”, Mayflower Hotel).
Chairman – Vladimir Dvorkin, Chairman of the Organizing Committee, International Luxembourg Forum; Professor (Russia).
Sam Nunn – Co-Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Nuclear Threat Initiative (United States).
Viatcheslav Kantor – President of the International Luxembourg Forum on Preventing Nuclear Catastrophe, Ph.D. (Russia).
10:30 – 12:00 – First session (“Senate room”, Mayflower Hotel).
Nuclear Weapons Limitations and Reductions as a Contributor to Strategic Stability
Chairman – Des Browne, Vice Chairman, Nuclear Threat Initiative (United States).
Vladimir Dvorkin – Chairman of the Organizing Committee, International Luxembourg Forum; Professor (Russia).
Alexey Arbatov – Deputy Chairman of the Organizing Committee, International Luxembourg Forum; Academician, RAS (Russia).
Linton Brooks – Non-Resident Senior Adviser of the Center for Strategic and International Studies, Ambassador (United States).
Discussion.
12:00 – 12:45 – PRESS CONFERENCE (“Rhode Island”, Mayflower Hotel).
Participants:
- Alexey Arbatov, Deputy Chairman of the Organizing Committee of the International Luxembourg Forum; Head of the Center for International Security of the Primakov Institute of World Economy and International Relations (IMEMO), Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS); (former Deputy Chairman of the Defense Committee of the State Duma, Federal Assembly – Russian Parliament); Academician, RAS (Russia);
- Sam Nunn, Co-Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, and Member of the Board of Directors, Nuclear Threat Initiative; Member of the Supervisory Board of the International Luxembourg Forum (former Chairman of the Armed Services Committee and the Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations of the U.S. Senate);
- Vladimir Lukin, Member of the Supervisory Board of the International Luxembourg Forum, Professor of the National Research University – Higher School of Economics (former Chairman of the Committee on International Relations and Deputy Chairman of the State Duma, Russian Federation; Ambassador of the Russian Federation to the United States of America; Commissioner on Human Rights for the Russian Federation);
- Des Browne, Vice Chairman and Member of the Board of Directors, Nuclear Threat Initiative; Member of the Supervisory Board of the International Luxembourg Forum; Founder and a Current Member of the Top Level Group of Parliamentarians for Nuclear Disarmament and Non-Proliferation (former Chair of the Executive Board, European Leadership Network for Multilateral Nuclear Disarmament and Non-Proliferation; Secretary of State for Defense; Secretary of State for Scotland; Member of Parliament); Lord of Ladyton (Great Britain);
- William Perry, Professor of the Stanford University, Member of the Supervisory Board of the International Luxembourg Forum (former Secretary of the U.S. Department of Defense).
13:45 – 15:15 – Second session (“Senate room”, Mayflower Hotel).
New Threats of Catastrophic Terrorism and Strategies to Address Them
Chairman – Vladimir Dvorkin, Chairman of the Organizing Committee, International Luxembourg Forum; Professor (Russia).
Framing the Threats and Strategies
Joan Rohlfing – President of the Nuclear Threat Initiative (United States).
Sergey Oznobishchev – Deputy Chairman of the Organizing Committee, International Luxembourg Forum (Russia).
Nuclear and Radiological Threats and Strategies
Andrew Bieniawski – Vice President for Material Security and Minimization, Nuclear Threat Initiative (United States).
Anatoliy Diakov – Researcher, Center for Arms Control, Energy and Environmental Studies; Ph.D. (Russia).
15:15 – 15:30 – Coffee-break.
15:30 – 17:00 – Second session (resumption), (“Senate room”, Mayflower Hotel).
Chairman – Linton Brooks, Non-Resident Senior Adviser of the Center for Strategic and International Studies, Ambassador (United States).
Cyber security Threats and Strategies
Page Stoutland – Vice President for Scientific and Technical Affairs, Nuclear Threat Initiative; Ph.D. (United States).
Biological Threats and Strategies
Andrew Weber – Member of the Council on Foreign Relations (United States).
Discussion.
December 2 (Wednesday)
9:00 – 11:00 – Third session (“Senate room”, Mayflower Hotel).
Discussion of Final Declaration and Joint Conference Publication
Co-chairman – Alexey Arbatov, Deputy Chairman of the Organizing Committee of the International Luxembourg Forum; Academician, RAS (Russia).
Co-chairman – Des Browne, Vice Chairman, Nuclear Threat Initiative (United States).
11:00 – 13:00 – Fourth session (“Senate room”, Mayflower Hotel).
A New Approach to Verification (Presentation by the NTI)
Chairman – Joan Rohlfing, President of the Nuclear Threat Initiative (United States).
Andrew Bieniawski – Vice President, Materials Security and Minimization, Nuclear Threat Initiative (United States).
Kelsey Hartigan – Senior Program Officer, Materials Security and Minimization, Nuclear Threat Initiative (United States).
PROGRAM
Supervisory Board Meeting
International Luxembourg Forum on Preventing Nuclear Catastrophe
(Mayflower Hotel, Autograph Collection, 1127 Connecticut Avenue NW,
Washington D.C., December 3, 2015)
December 3 (Thursday)
10:00 – 11:30 – First session (“Senate room”, Mayflower Hotel).
Achievements of the International Luxembourg Forum’s Activity in 2015. Activity Program for 2016.
Chairman – Vladimir Dvorkin, Chairman of the Organizing Committee, International Luxembourg Forum; Professor (Russia).
Viatcheslav Kantor – President of the International Luxembourg Forum on Preventing Nuclear Catastrophe, Ph.D. (Russia).
Discussion.
11:30 – 11:45 – Coffee break.
11:45 – 13:00 – First session (resumption), (“Senate room”, Mayflower Hotel).
Recommendations of the Supervisory Board members on the Luxembourg Forum’s 2016 Action Plan.
14:30 – 15:15 – Second session (“Senate room”, Mayflower Hotel).
Summary of Results.
Chairman – Alexey Arbatov, Deputy Chairman of the Organizing Committee of the International Luxembourg Forum, Academician RAS (Russia).
1. | James | Co-Director, Nuclear Policy Program, |
2. | Steve | National Security Consultant to the Nuclear Threat Initiative (former Principal Advisor on Strategic Policy, Nuclear Arms Control and Missile Defense to the National Security Advisor, United States). |
3. | Alexey | Deputy Chairman of the Organizing Committee, International Luxembourg Forum; Member of the Board of Directors, Nuclear Threat Initiative; Head of the Center for International Security of the Primakov Institute of World Economy and International Relations (IMEMO), Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS); Scholar-in-Residence of the Carnegie Moscow Center (former Deputy Chairman of the Defense Committee of the State Duma, Federal Assembly – Russian Parliament); Academician, RAS (Russia). |
4. | Robert | Senior Advisor for Russia and Eurasia, Nuclear Threat Initiative (former Special Assistant to the U.S. Secretary of Energy for Russia/NIS programs), Ph.D. (United States). |
5. | Andrew | Vice President for Material Security and Minimization, Nuclear Threat Initiative (United States). |
6. | Hans | Member of the Supervisory Board of the International Luxembourg Forum (former Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency), Ambassador, Ph.D. (Sweden). |
7. | Linton | Non Resident Senior Adviser of the Center for Strategic and International Studies (former Under Secretary of Energy for Nuclear Security and Administrator of the National Nuclear Security Administration), Ambassador (United States). |
8. | Des | Vice Chairman and Member of the Board of Directors, Nuclear Threat Initiative; Member of the Supervisory Board of the International Luxembourg Forum; Founder and a Current Member of the Top Level Group of Parliamentarians for Nuclear Disarmament and Non-Proliferation (former Chair of the Executive Board, European Leadership Network for Multilateral Nuclear Disarmament and Non-Proliferation; Secretary of State for Defense; Secretary of State for Scotland; Member of Parliament); Lord of Ladyton (Great Britain). |
9. | Jayantha | Member of the Supervisory Board of the International Luxembourg Forum, President of Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs (former United Nations Under-Secretary-General for Disarmament Affairs), Ambassador (Sri Lanka). |
10. | Anatoliy | Researcher (former Director), Center for Arms Control, Energy and Environmental Studies; Ph.D. (Russia). |
11. | Vladimir | Chairman of the Organizing Committee, International Luxembourg Forum; Principal Researcher of the Primakov Institute of World Economy and International Relations (IMEMO) RAS (former Director of the 4th Major Institute of the Ministry of Defense); Professor; Major-General, ret. (Russia). |
12. | Alexander | Director of the Primakov Institute of World Economy and International Affairs (IMEMO), RAS; Member of the Presidium of the Presidential Council for Science and Education; Member of the Presidential Commission on the development strategy of the fuel and energy complex and the environmental safety; RAS Presidium member; Academician Secretary of the RAS Division for Global Issues and International Relations (former economic adviser to the Prime Minister of Russia). |
13. | Susan | President of the Eisenhower Group (United States). |
14. | Rolf | Member of the Supervisory Board of the International Luxembourg Forum; Member of the Board of Directors, Nuclear Threat Initiative (former High Commissioner on National Minorities at the OSCE; Chairman of the Governing Board, SIPRI); Ambassador (Sweden). |
15. | Kelsey | Senior Program Officer for Material Security and Minimization, Nuclear Threat Initiative (United States). |
16. | Viatcheslav | President of the International Luxembourg Forum on Preventing Nuclear Catastrophe, Ph.D. (Russia). |
17. | Susan | Independent Consultant (United States). |
18. | Nikolay | Member of Presidium, Russian Academy of Sciences; Member of the Supervisory Board of the International Luxembourg Forum (former Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, Chairman of the State Committee of the USSR Council of Ministers for Science and Technology); Academician, RAS (Russia). |
19. | Robert | Professor of the Columbia University (United States). |
20. | Vladimir | Member of the Supervisory Board of the International Luxembourg Forum, Professor of the National Research University – Higher School of Economics (former Chairman of the Committee on International Relations and Deputy Chairman of the State Duma, Russian Federation; Ambassador of the Russian Federation to the United States of America; Commissioner on Human Rights for the Russian Federation). |
21. | Steven | Director, International Security Program; Editor-in-Chief, International Security; Member of the Board, Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University (Cambridge, United States). |
22. | Sam | Co-Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, and Member of the Board of Directors, Nuclear Threat Initiative; Member of the Supervisory Board of the International Luxembourg Forum (former Chairman of the Armed Services Committee and the Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations of the U.S. Senate). |
23. | Robert | Senior Fellow of the Atlantic Council (former – Director of the Carnegie Moscow Center, United States). |
24. | Sergey | Deputy Chairman of the Organizing Committee, International Luxembourg Forum; Head of the Section of the Primakov Institute of World Economy and International Relations (IMEMO) RAS; Director of the Institute for Strategic Assessments; Professor of the MGIMO University of Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA) of Russia (former Chief of the Organizational Analytic Division, RAS); Ph.D.; (Russia). |
25. | George | Vice President for Studies – Global Security and Economic Development and Director of the Non-proliferation Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Ph.D. (United States). |
26. | William | Professor of the Stanford University, Member of the Supervisory Board of the International Luxembourg Forum (former Secretary of the U.S. Department of Defense). |
27. | Samantha | Senior Program Officer for Scientific and Technical Affairs, Nuclear Threat Initiative (United States). |
28. | William | Director James Martin Center for Non-proliferation Studies and Professor of Non-proliferation Studies, Monterey Institute of International Studies, Ph.D. (United States). |
29. | Leon | Program Officer for Material Security and Minimization, Nuclear Threat Initiative (United States). |
30. | Tariq | Director, Disarmament, Arms Control and Non-Proliferation at the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (former - Head, Verification and Security Policy Cooperation at the IAEA, Coordinator, Multilateral Approaches to the Nuclear Fuel Cycle, IAEA), Ph.D. (Canada). |
31. | Joan | President and Chief Operating Officer, Nuclear Threat Initiative; Member of the U.S. Department of Defense Threat Reduction Advisory Committee; Member of the Council on Foreign Relations (former Senior Advisor for National Security to the U.S. Secretary of Energy). |
32. | Roald | Distinguished University Professor, Department of Physics at the University of Maryland; Director Emeritus of the Russian Space Research Institute; Member of the Supervisory Council of the International Luxembourg Forum; Academician RAS, (Russia/United States). |
33. | Page | Vice President for Scientific and Technical Affairs, Nuclear Threat Initiative, Ph.D. (United States). |
34. | Ellen | Member of the Board of Directors, Nuclear Threat Initiative (former Under Secretary of State for Arms Control and International Security Affairs, United States). |
35. | Andrew | Member of the Council on Foreign Relations (former Assistant Secretary of Defense for Nuclear, Chemical and Biological Defense Programs, United States). Observers |
36. | Vladimir | Head of the Division for the Caucasus, Institute of Commonwealth Countries; Senior Researcher of the Primakov Institute of World Economy and International Relations (IMEMO) RAS; Ph.D. (Russia). |
37. | Yury | Scientific Secretary of the Committee of Scientists for International Security and Arms Control; Head of the Department of Foreign Relations, RAS (Russia). |
International nuclear experts call on US and Russia to form a coalition to tackle threat of nuclear terrorism
Joint conference, with the International Luxembourg Forum and the Nuclear Threat Imitative, on preventing a crisis in the control over proliferation of nuclear weapons and efforts against nuclear terrorism
December 1, 2015, Washington(District of Columbia) The International Luxembourg Forum (Luxembourg Forum) and the Nuclear Threat Initiative (NTI) today held a conference aimed at discussing the threat of nuclear arms race, proliferation and nuclear terrorism.
Participants in the conference discussed immediate concerns and relevant issues as well as specific steps to achieve nuclear arms reduction, ways of jump-starting stalled negotiating processes, methods of fighting nuclear terrorism and boosting cooperation between the world’s leading nuclear powers. Discussions also looked at the role of arms control in strengthening international stability, and on how to better cope with the threats to the nuclear non-proliferation regime. Based on the outcomes of these proceedings, plans are in place to appeal to the leaders of Russia and the US containing proposals for resuming the dialogue in nuclear arms control.
Dr. Kantor, President of the Luxembourg Forum, said:
“I was highly disturbed to hear the renowned international experts at today’s forum openly express strong concerns over the likelihood of nuclear dirty bomb being used by terrorists. We live in an age of unparalleled risks to global security. The current state of nuclear arms control has no precedents even in the Cold War era, let alone in the period since it ended. The Prague START Treaty that became effective in 2011 is now the only instrument of nuclear arms reduction that remains in force, while the permanent intermediate-range nuclear forces treaty is taking flak - if not yet a hammering - from both sides. The only way to prevent nuclear terrorism is to prevent terrorists from buying or stealing nuclear materials and making weapons of mass destruction. If the international community cannot unite against this shared threat, we are all at risk as these weaknesses provide opportunities for terrorists to exploit.
I believe that a joint conference with two of the most influential international organizations in the area of nuclear arms control - the Luxembourg Forum and the Nuclear Threat Initiative - represents a crucial landmark that may help jolt vital international dialogue on arms control out of stagnation, and allow the world to secure future peace and stability”.
The proposals by Dr Kantor discussed at the conference include:
- embarking on consultations on further cuts to the strategic offensive weapons, on transparency and control with regard to non-strategic nuclear arms as required by Article VI of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty;
- resolving the differences over the impact that the US BMD defenses, the Russian Aerospace Defense, and the strategic high-precision conventional weapons may have on strategic stability;
- changing the conditions inherited from the Cold War era, which might trigger the use of US and Russian strategic offensive forces, by lengthening the decision time preceding a missile launch in a crisis.
- the leaders of Russia and the USA, the major countries of Europe and the world put efforts against nuclear terrorism at the very top of the international security agenda;
- the cooperation on all of the previously adopted nuclear terrorism initiatives and resolutions of the UN Security Council be immediately resumed and enhanced;
- the US, Europe, Russia and the Middle East nations should finally agree to closely coordinate and step up real action against the Islamic State;
- special services and operational agencies must cooperate, to the maximum degree possible, in uncovering and curbing any attempts to seize nuclear material and prepare nuclear terrorist attacks.
Following the conference, the Supervisory Board of the Luxembourg Forum will convene for a meeting to hear Luxembourg Forum President Moshe Kantor’s report on the work performed in 2015 and discuss future plans.
A press conference to present the appeal of the joint Luxembourg Forum/NTI session will take place in Moscow on the 9th of December.
On December 1–2, 2015, the International Luxembourg Forum on Preventing Nuclear Catastrophe and a renowned non-governmental organization the Nuclear Threat Initiative (NTI), with former Chairman of the Armed Services Committee and the Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations of the U.S. Senate Sam Nunn as a Co-Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, held their joint conference in Washington D.C.
Participants of the conference approved a joint statement billed as “Preventing the Crisis of Nuclear Arms Control and Catastrophic Terrorism”, which was simultaneously presented to the leaders of the Russian Federation and the United States.
Joint Statement of the Luxembourg Forum and the Nuclear Threat Initiative (NTI) on Preventing Nuclear Catastrophe
Preventing the Crisis of Nuclear Arms Control and Catastrophic Terrorism
December 1-2, 2015, Washington D.C.
Recognizing that the interests, perspectives, and actions of the West and Russia diverge in Ukraine and Syria, it should be emphasized that the U.S. and Russia continue to share interests in reducing the risks of nuclear war, terrorism and proliferation. Indeed, as the possessors of the world's largest nuclear arsenals and longstanding leaders of the nuclear nonproliferation regime, the U.S. and Russia have special responsibilities to cooperate on nuclear matters even when they clash on other matters.
As a matter of highest priority, there is an urgent and immediate requirement to rebuild U.S.-Russian relations. Because of the nuclear dangers that haunt their relationship, this reconstruction should include a new declaration reconfirming their common view of nuclear war – that it cannot be won and must never be fought. The US and Russia should revive and strengthen all channels of communication. Dialogue can no longer be treated as a bargaining chip. Continuous dialogue is essential between political, military and intelligence leaders through direct bilateral channels and the NATO-Russia Council.
Tensions between the United States/NATO and Russia are exacerbating an already profound crisis of nuclear arms control, disarmament, and non-proliferation. Despite a few important examples of cooperation such as the 2010 New START Treaty and the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action on the Iranian nuclear program, the state of affairs on nuclear issues remains bleak. US-Russian dialogue across a range of security threats and arms control issues has broken down, multilateral cooperation for nuclear arms control and disarmament has been impaired, and existing arms control measures are jeopardized.
Today there is no agreed process or agenda for next steps on nuclear disarmament and risk reduction between Russia and the United States, who between them still possess over 90% of the world’s nuclear weapons. While nuclear arms control is dormant, international crises put serious pressures on US-Russian relations and raise concerns about nuclear risk. Dangerous military incidents have occurred and official statements emphasizing nuclear capabilities have implied the possibility that nuclear weapons might be used, reviving fears of possible military conflict that could potentially lead to nuclear escalation between Russia and the U.S.
Stepping back from this dangerous ledge will require the urgent joint effort of the leaderships of the two biggest nuclear powers and their allies. They should recall the wisdom of former Soviet and U.S. leaders who, during the Cold War, managed to cooperate to prevent nuclear catastrophe even during profound crises in relations. Starting in 1963, they reached a number of agreements that led to joint statements articulating the belief that “a nuclear war cannot be won and must never be fought.” In the ensuing fifty years these agreements laid the groundwork for significant success in nuclear arms control.
Today, the leaders of Russia, the United States, and their European allies should draw on that history and work to avoid the catastrophe of global nuclear war, which could be triggered even by limited and selective use of nuclear weapons. These threats are all growing, as is the threat of nuclear terrorism by groups such as ISIS.
An important and necessary step in addressing nuclear dangers is discussion on the dangerous “prompt-launch” or “hair-trigger” status of strategic missiles—a perilous posture inherited from the Cold War. In addition, it is imperative to avoid the possibility of launch by accident, miscalculation or sabotage. Reducing nuclear risks should be at the top of the agenda -- even as the crises over Ukraine, Syria and the flow of refugees to Europe demand serious attention.
Leaders should recall that, in the past, each time a new U.S.-Soviet or U.S.-Russian nuclear arms control agreement was signed, the parties immediately started negotiations for the next one. Presently, five years after approval of the 2010 New START Treaty, there are no negotiations underway or expected. At the same time, the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty has not entered into force, the Intermediate-range Nuclear Forces Treaty is under threat, and the Conventional Forces in Europe Treaty is not being implemented. Important negotiations are deadlocked and cooperative steps that would improve the security of all parties are on hold. At a moment of friction and conflict when restraint is needed, arms control is failing; trust is being eroded precisely when it is most needed.
Consequently, we urge Presidents Putin and Obama, hopefully joined by their principal allies, to do the following:
- Without further delay resume the process of negotiations for follow-on reductions of strategic arms.
- Leaders should undertake to exclude the risk of accidental or mistaken launch of missiles and extend the time available to national command authorities for decision-making on the launch of strategic missiles.
- Resume cooperation on WMD security, including nuclear material security, to prevent the threat of catastrophic terrorism. In particular, emphasis should be given to improving security of radiological materials to counter the growing danger of terrorist acts with the use of “dirty bomb”.
- Renew diplomatic efforts on the issues of U.S./NATO ballistic missile defense and strategic precision-guided conventional weapon systems to resolve existing controversies and reach agreements ensuring that those weapon systems will not undermine stability in the future.
- Initiate talks on the limitation, reduction and confidence-building measures related to sub-strategic nuclear weapons.
- Initiate a dialogue on cybersecurity focused on developing shared approaches to combating cyberthreats, in particular those that may threaten nuclear command-control and early-warning assets as well as other critical facilities and sites.
- Work together on verification research associated with technical issues on nuclear arms reduction, including through the International Partnership on Nuclear Disarmament Verification.
- Renew joint efforts to strengthen the implementation of the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, including the agreed outcomes of the 1995, 2000 and 2010 Review Conferences.
Today we find ourselves in a race between cooperation and catastrophe. Consequently, leaders must begin this work immediately. Because of growing tensions across the globe, renewed and enhanced dialogue is essential. No security architecture, no set of rules, no efforts to negotiate or implement agreements can succeed without leaders who are committed to addressing core issues and who are willing to cooperate. It is their obligation as leaders to work together to build a safer world for all our citizens.
Signatories:
1. | Viatcheslav | President of the International Luxembourg Forum on Preventing Nuclear Catastrophe, Ph.D. (Russia). |
2. | Sam | Co-Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, and Member of the Board of Directors, Nuclear Threat Initiative; Member of the Supervisory Board of the International Luxembourg Forum (former Chairman of the Armed Services Committee and the Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations of the U.S. Senate). |
3. | James | Co-Director of the Nuclear Policy Program, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (United States). |
4. | Steve | National Security Consultant to the Nuclear Threat Initiative (former Principal Advisor on Strategic Policy, Nuclear Arms Control and Missile Defense to the National Security Advisor, United States). |
5. | Alexey | Deputy Chairman of the Organizing Committee, International Luxembourg Forum; Member of the Board of Directors, Nuclear Threat Initiative; Head of the Center for International Security of the Primakov Institute of World Economy and International Relations (IMEMO), Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS); Scholar-in-Residence of the Carnegie Moscow Center (former Deputy Chairman of the Defense Committee of the State Duma, Federal Assembly – Russian Parliament); Academician, RAS (Russia). |
6. | Robert | Senior Advisor for Russia and Eurasia, Nuclear Threat Initiative (former Special Assistant to the U.S. Secretary of Energy for Russia/NIS Programs), Ph.D. (United States). |
7. | Andrew | Vice President for Material Security and Minimization, Nuclear Threat Initiative (United States). |
8. | Hans | Member of the Supervisory Board of the International Luxembourg Forum (former Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency), Ambassador, Ph.D. (Sweden). |
9. | Linto | Non-Resident Senior Adviser of the Center for Strategic and International Studies (former Under Secretary of Energy for Nuclear Security and Administrator of the National Nuclear Security Administration), Ambassador (United States). |
10. | Des | Vice Chairman and Member of the Board of Directors, Nuclear Threat Initiative; Member of the Supervisory Board of the International Luxembourg Forum; Founder and a Current Member of the Top Level Group of Parliamentarians for Nuclear Disarmament and Non-Proliferation (former Chairman of the Board of Trustees and Directors of the European Leadership Network for Multilateral Nuclear Disarmament and Non-Proliferation; Secretary of State for Defense; Secretary of State for Scotland; Member of Parliament), Lord Browne of Ladyton (Great Britain). |
11. | Jayantha | Member of the Supervisory Board of the International Luxembourg Forum, President of Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs (former United Nations Under-Secretary-General for Disarmament Affairs), Ambassador (Sri Lanka). |
12. | Anatoliy | Researcher (former Director), Center for Arms Control, Energy and Environmental Studies, Ph.D. (Russia). |
13. | Vladimir | Chairman of the Organizing Committee, International Luxembourg Forum; Principal Researcher of the Primakov Institute of World Economy and International Relations (IMEMO), RAS (former Director of the 4th Major Institute of the Ministry of Defense), Professor, Major-General, ret. (Russia). |
14. | Alexander | Director of the Primakov Institute of World Economy and International Affairs (IMEMO), RAS; Member of the Presidium of the Presidential Council for Science and Education; Member of the Presidential Commission on the development strategy of the fuel and energy complex and the environmental safety; Member of Presidium, Russian Academy of Sciences; Academician Secretary of the Division for Global Issues and International Relations, RAS (former Economic Adviser to the Prime Minister of Russia); Academician, RAS (Russia). |
15. | Susan | President of the Eisenhower Group (United States). |
16. | Rolf | Member of the Supervisory Board of the International Luxembourg Forum; Member of the Board of Directors, Nuclear Threat Initiative (former High Commissioner on National Minorities at the OSCE; Chairman of the Governing Board, SIPRI), Ambassador (Sweden). |
17. | Kelsey | Senior Program Officer for Material Security and Minimization, Nuclear Threat Initiative (United States). |
18. | Susan | Independent Consultant (United States). |
19. | Nikolay | Member of Presidium, Russian Academy of Sciences; Member of the Supervisory Board of the International Luxembourg Forum (former Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, Chairman of the State Committee of the USSR Council of Ministers for Science and Technology); Academician, RAS (Russia). |
20. | Robert | Marshall D. Shulman Professor Emeritus, Department of Political Science and the Harriman Institute, Columbia University (United States). |
21. | Vladimir | Member of the Supervisory Board of the International Luxembourg Forum, Professor of the National Research University – Higher School of Economics (former Chairman of the Committee on International Relations and Deputy Chairman of the State Duma, Russian Federation; Ambassador of the Russian Federation to the United States of America; Commissioner on Human Rights for the Russian Federation). |
22. | Steven | Director, International Security Program; Editor-in-Chief, International Security; Member of the Board, Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University (Cambridge, United States). |
23. | Robert | Senior Fellow of the Atlantic Council (former – Director of the Carnegie Moscow Center, United States). |
24. | Sergey | Deputy Chairman of the Organizing Committee, International Luxembourg Forum; Head of the Section of the Primakov Institute of World Economy and International Relations (IMEMO), RAS; Director of the Institute for Strategic Assessments; Professor of the MGIMO (University), Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia (former Chief of the Organizational Analytic Division, RAS), Ph.D. (Russia). |
25. | George | Vice President for Studies – Global Security and Economic Development and Director of the Non-proliferation Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Ph.D. (United States). |
26. | William | Professor of Stanford University, Member of the Supervisory Board of the International Luxembourg Forum (former Secretary of the U.S. Department of Defense), Ph.D. (United States). |
27. | Samantha | Senior Program Officer for Scientific and Technical Affairs, Nuclear Threat Initiative (United States). |
28. | William | Director James Martin Center for Non-proliferation Studies and Professor of Non-proliferation Studies, Monterey Institute of International Studies, Ph.D. (United States). |
29. | Leon | Program Officer for Material Security and Minimization, Nuclear Threat Initiative (United States). |
30. | Tariq | Director, Disarmament, Arms Control and Non-Proliferation at the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (former – Head, Verification and Security Policy Cooperation at the IAEA, Coordinator, Multilateral Approaches to the Nuclear Fuel Cycle, IAEA), Ph.D. (Canada). |
31. | Joan | President and Chief Operating Officer, Nuclear Threat Initiative; Member of the U.S. Department of Defense Threat Reduction Advisory Committee; Member of the Council on Foreign Relations (former Senior Advisor for National Security to the U.S. Secretary of Energy). |
32. | Roald | Distinguished University Professor, Department of Physics at the University of Maryland; Director Emeritus of the Russian Space Research Institute; Member of the Supervisory Council of the International Luxembourg Forum; Academician, RAS (Russia/United States). |
33. | Page | Vice President for Scientific and Technical Affairs, Nuclear Threat Initiative, Ph.D. (United States). |
34. | Ellen | Member of the Board of Directors, Nuclear Threat Initiative (former Congresswoman, Under Secretary of State for Arms Control and International Security Affairs, United States). |
35. | Andrew | Member of the Council on Foreign Relations (former Assistant Secretary of Defense for Nuclear, Chemical and Biological Defense Programs, United States). |
36. | Isabelle | Senior Advisor of the Nuclear Security Project, Nuclear Threat Initiative (United States). |